Jurists through history
The atlas holds 31 people and 1,189 moments here, from 106 BC to 2024. The most recorded lives are Abraham Lincoln, Nelson Mandela and Mahatma Gandhi. Across the Interwar Period and the Cold War.
Notable people
Abraham Lincoln
from 1809 to 1865
68 moments here
American lawyer, Illinois legislator, congressman, and sixteenth president of the United States.…
Alexei Navalny
from 1976 to 2024
24 moments here
Russian opposition leader, anti-corruption activist, politician, and political prisoner. This chronology records supported locations of his birth,…
Ali ibn Abi Talib
from 600 to 661
21 moments here
Ali ibn Abi Talib was the fourth Rashidun caliph (656–661), cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, and first Shia Imam.…
Averroes
from 1126 to 1182
6 moments here
Averroes, also known as Ibn Rushd, was an Andalusian jurist, physician, philosopher, and commentator on Aristotle.…
Cicero
from 106 BC to 43 BC
83 moments here
Marcus Tullius Cicero (106–43 BC) was a Roman lawyer, orator, philosopher, consul, provincial governor, and defender of the late Republic.…
Fidel Castro
from 1926 to 2016
52 moments here
Cuban revolutionary and political leader who led the 26th of July Movement against Fulgencio Batista, became Cuba's prime minister in 1959, and later…
Francis Bacon
from 1561 to 1626
13 moments here
English philosopher, lawyer, statesman, Attorney General, and Lord Chancellor under James I.…
Franz Kafka
from 1883 to 1924
69 moments here
German-language Jewish Czech writer whose fiction transformed modern literature. Born and educated in Prague, Kafka trained as a lawyer and worked…
Gabriel García Márquez
from 1927 to 2014
41 moments here
Colombian novelist, journalist, screenwriter, and Nobel laureate whose life moved between Colombia, Europe, Cuba, the United States, Mexico, and…
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
from 1646 to 1716
54 moments here
German polymath, philosopher, mathematician, jurist, diplomat, court councillor, historian, and librarian.…
Harry S. Truman
from 1884 to 1972
38 moments here
Harry S. Truman (1884–1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953.…
Ibn Khaldun
from 1332 to 1406
15 moments here
Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406) was a Tunis-born historian, jurist, political official, teacher, and author of the Muqaddimah.…
James Madison
from 1751 to 1836
29 moments here
James Madison (1751–1836) was a Virginia planter, revolutionary politician, delegate to the Continental and Confederation congresses, architect of…
Jawaharlal Nehru
from 1889 to 1964
54 moments here
Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist and statesman who became independent India’s first prime minister, serving from 15 August 1947 until his…
Jean de La Fontaine
from 1621 to 1695
13 moments here
French fabulist, poet, dramatist, and author whose Fables became foundational works of French literature.…
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
from 1749 to 1832
78 moments here
German poet, dramatist, novelist, scientist, theatre director, and statesman. Born in Frankfurt, Goethe studied in Leipzig and Strasbourg, practiced…
John Adams
from 1735 to 1826
34 moments here
American lawyer, revolutionary leader, diplomat, first vice president of the United States, and second U.S. president.…
John Calvin
from 1509 to 1564
17 moments here
French Protestant reformer, pastor, and author. Born in Noyon, he studied law in Bourges and spent formative periods in Paris and Basel before moving…
Mahatma Gandhi
from 1869 to 1948
69 moments here
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, political ethicist, and leader of mass nonviolent resistance.…
Margaret Thatcher
from 1925 to 2013
35 moments here
British stateswoman Margaret Hilda Thatcher (née Roberts) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990, the first woman to hold the…
Martin Luther
from 1483 to 1546
29 moments here
German Augustinian friar, priest, theologian, professor, translator, and leading figure of the Protestant Reformation.…
Michel de Montaigne
from 1533 to 1592
31 moments here
French Renaissance writer, magistrate, diplomat, and two-term mayor of Bordeaux, best known for the Essais.…
Mikhail Gorbachev
from 1931 to 2022
57 moments here
Soviet and Russian politician who led the Soviet Union from 1985 until its dissolution in 1991.…
Montesquieu
from 1689 to 1755
29 moments here
Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu, was a French jurist, historian, and political philosopher.…
Moments
- 90 BC Serves in the Social War Cicero
- 88 Secular Games service Tacitus
- 622 Stayed in Mecca as Muhammad's decoy Ali ibn Abi Talib
- 1153 Astronomical observations in Marrakesh Averroes
- 1365 Political office at Béjaïa Ibn Khaldun
- 1484 Family relocates to Mansfeld Martin Luther
- 1491 Studies at the University of Kraków Nicolaus Copernicus
- 1515 Visit to Antwerp and meeting with Pieter Gillis Thomas More
- 1535 Flight to Basel John Calvin
- 1539 Student at the College of Guienne Michel de Montaigne
- 1573 Student at Trinity College Francis Bacon
- 1641 Entered the Oratory Jean de La Fontaine
- 1687 Stay at Rheinfels Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- 1700 Student at the College of Juilly Montesquieu
- 1761 College of William & Mary student Thomas Jefferson
- 1765 Takes lodgings as a Leipzig student Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- 1768 Boston residence on Brattle Street John Adams
- 1769 Enrollment at the College of New Jersey James Madison
- 1811 Childhood at Knob Creek Farm Abraham Lincoln
- 1816 Childhood at Kniephof estate Otto von Bismarck
- 1876 Family settles in Rajkot Mahatma Gandhi
- 1876 Entered Harvard University Theodore Roosevelt
- 1884 Infancy near Harrisonville Harry S. Truman
- 1885 Moves to Wenceslas Square Franz Kafka
- 1925 Attends school near Qunu Nelson Mandela
- 1929 Congress presidency at Lahore Jawaharlal Nehru
- 1950 Arrival for Moscow State University Mikhail Gorbachev
- 1959 United States working visit Fidel Castro
- 1975 Meeting President Ford Margaret Thatcher
- 1982 Nobel Prize ceremony in Stockholm Gabriel García Márquez
- 2011 Major post-election demonstration Alexei Navalny