Mecca in the Middle Ages

The atlas holds 16 people and 50 moments here, from 554 to 1387. The most recorded lives are Muhammad, Harun al-Rashid and Khadija bint Khuwaylid.

Notable people

  1. Abu Bakr

    from 573 to 631

    4 moments here

    Abu Bakr (Abd Allah ibn Abi Quhafa, c. 573–634) was a Meccan merchant, early companion of Muhammad, and the first caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate.…

  2. Aisha

    from 614 to 656

    4 moments here

    Aisha bint Abi Bakr (c. 614–678), wife of Muhammad, major transmitter of hadith, teacher, and political figure in the early Muslim community.…

  3. Al-Ghazali

    in 1096

    1 moment here

    Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ghazali was a Persian Sunni jurist, theologian, philosopher, logician, and mystic.…

  4. Ali ibn Abi Talib

    from 600 to 630

    3 moments here

    Ali ibn Abi Talib was the fourth Rashidun caliph (656–661), cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, and first Shia Imam.…

  5. Fatima

    from 605 to 630

    2 moments here

    Fatima bint Muhammad (Fatima al-Zahra) was Muhammad and Khadija’s daughter, born in Mecca and dying in Medina.…

  6. Harun al-Rashid

    from 793 to 803

    5 moments here

    Harun al-Rashid was the fifth Abbasid caliph, reigning from 786 to 809. Born at Ray, he led expeditions against Byzantium before becoming caliph,…

  7. Husayn ibn Ali

    in 680

    2 moments here

    Husayn ibn Ali was an Alid political and religious leader, son of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Fatima, grandson of Muhammad, and the third Imam in Shia…

  8. Ibn Battuta

    from 1326 to 1348

    3 moments here

    Maghrebi Muslim jurist, traveller, explorer, and author from Tangier. Between 1325 and 1354 he journeyed through North and East Africa, the Middle…

  9. Ibn Khaldun

    in 1387

    1 moment here

    Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406) was a Tunis-born historian, jurist, political official, teacher, and author of the Muqaddimah.…

  10. Khadija bint Khuwaylid

    from 554 to 619

    5 moments here

    Khadija bint Khuwaylid was a Meccan merchant, the first wife of Muhammad, and—within Islamic tradition—the first person to accept his message.…

  11. Mansa Musa

    in 1324

    1 moment here

    Mansa Musa (c. 1280–c. 1337), also known as Musa I of Mali, was mansa of the Mali Empire. The securely documented movements of his life are…

  12. Muhammad

    from 570 to 632

    9 moments here

    Muhammad ibn Abdullah was an Arab religious, political, and military leader and the founder of Islam.…

  13. Muhammad al-Bukhari

    in 826

    1 moment here

    Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari (810–870) was a hadith scholar from Bukhara whose travels for study, teaching, and transmission ranged across Central…

  14. Nasir Khusraw

    from 1048 to 1051

    2 moments here

    Persian poet, philosopher, traveler, and Isma'ili missionary. Born at Qubadiyan, he served as a financial administrator in Marw before leaving in…

  15. Umar ibn al-Khattab

    from 584 to 632

    4 moments here

    Umar ibn al-Khattab (c. 584–644) was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from 634 until his assassination.…

  16. Uthman ibn Affan

    from 576 to 628

    3 moments here

    Uthman ibn Affan was the third Rashidun caliph, ruling from 644 until his assassination in Medina in 656.…

Moments

  1. 554 Birth in Mecca Khadija bint Khuwaylid
  2. 570 Born in Mecca Muhammad
  3. 573 Birth in Mecca Abu Bakr
  4. 576 Birth in Mecca Uthman ibn Affan
  5. 584 Birth in Mecca Umar ibn al-Khattab
  6. 600 Traditional birth at the Kaaba Ali ibn Abi Talib
  7. 605 Birth in Mecca Fatima
  8. 610 Prayer beside the Kaaba Khadija bint Khuwaylid
  9. 610 Receives the first revelation at Hira Muhammad
  10. 614 Birth in Mecca Aisha
  11. 616 Public prayer after conversion Umar ibn al-Khattab
  12. 619 Burial at Jannat al-Mu'alla Khadija bint Khuwaylid
  13. 619 Confinement during the Quraysh boycott Khadija bint Khuwaylid
  14. 619 Return to Mecca before death Khadija bint Khuwaylid
  15. 619 Resettlement in Mecca after Abyssinian migration Uthman ibn Affan
  16. 620 Marriage to Muhammad Aisha
  17. 622 Refuge during the Hijra Abu Bakr
  18. 622 Stayed in Mecca as Muhammad's decoy Ali ibn Abi Talib
  19. 622 Hides in the Cave of Thawr Muhammad
  20. 628 Envoy to Mecca during the Hudaybiyya negotiations Uthman ibn Affan
  21. 629 Completes the deferred Umrah Muhammad
  22. 630 Conquest of Mecca Abu Bakr
  23. 630 Announced Quranic message in Mecca Ali ibn Abi Talib
  24. 630 Conquest of Mecca Fatima
  25. 630 Departs Marr al-Zahran for Mecca Muhammad
  26. 630 Takes control of Mecca Muhammad
  27. 630 Guarding the camp before Mecca's conquest Umar ibn al-Khattab
  28. 631 Amir al-Hajj in Mecca Abu Bakr
  29. 632 Arrives at Muzdalifah Muhammad
  30. 632 Delivers the Farewell Sermon at Arafat Muhammad
  31. 632 Spends the pilgrimage night at Mina Muhammad
  32. 632 Farewell Pilgrimage Umar ibn al-Khattab
  33. 656 In Mecca during Uthman's assassination Aisha
  34. 656 March from Mecca toward Basra Aisha
  35. 680 Refuge in Mecca Husayn ibn Ali
  36. 680 Departure from Mecca toward Kufa Husayn ibn Ali
  37. 793 Pilgrimage to Mecca Harun al-Rashid
  38. 795 Pilgrimage to Mecca Harun al-Rashid
  39. 797 Pilgrimage to Mecca Harun al-Rashid
  40. 802 Pilgrimage and Meccan succession settlement Harun al-Rashid
  41. 803 Final documented pilgrimage to Mecca Harun al-Rashid
  42. 826 Hajj and residence in Mecca Muhammad al-Bukhari
  43. 1048 Pilgrimage at Mecca Nasir Khusraw
  44. 1051 Fourth Hajj at Arafat Nasir Khusraw
  45. 1096 Pilgrimage at Mecca Al-Ghazali
  46. 1324 Pilgrimage in Mecca Mansa Musa
  47. 1326 Completes first hajj Ibn Battuta
  48. 1327 Extended residence in Mecca Ibn Battuta
  49. 1348 Makes his final recorded hajj Ibn Battuta
  50. 1387 Pilgrimage to Mecca Ibn Khaldun

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